什麼是櫓?
What is an Oar?
什麼是櫓?
搖櫓是一種傳統的駕駛舢舨技術，主要依賴人力 ”搖” 動一支約三米長的「櫓」，以推動舢舨前進。搖櫓在狹窄或淺水區域中可以靈活操作，其推進方式相對安靜，有利於捕魚時不驚嚇魚類，但在速度和效率方面不夠理想。
Rowing with a three-meter-long oar is a traditional technique used to drive a sampan. This method of propulsion offers flexibility in shallow waters and operates quietly, making it advantageous for fishing. However, it is not ideal in terms of speed and efficiency.
櫓的構造
Components of the Oar
櫓的構造
「櫓」由「櫓頭」和「櫓尾」兩支櫓杆組成，以「櫓箍」接駁在一起。手握傳統的「櫓頭」用杪木製造，「櫓尾」則用坤甸木製造，「櫓箍」用藤編織而成。櫓的中央有一個半圓形凹陷位置，稱為「櫓池」；船末「尾樑」左邊有一小支突出的木柱，稱為「櫓榫」。當「櫓池」套入「櫓榫」時，就形成一個槓桿系統的支點。「櫓掹」是用藤編織成的繩索，把「櫓頭」連接到「橫柴」。的部分稱為「櫓頭」，而插入水中的部分稱為「櫓尾」。
An oar consists of an oar grip and a blade. The part held by the hands is called the grip, while the part submerged in water is referred to as the blade. The grip and blade are connected by hoops. Traditionally, the oar grip was made from Chao wood, the blade from Kwan din wood**, and the hoops were made of woven rattan. In the middle of the shaft, there is a recessed button known as the mortise. A small pillar mounted on the left side of a transom is called the tenon. Inserting the mortise into the tenon creates a lever system. The oar grip is secured to the sampan’s floor timber with a rope made from rattan.
**坤甸木質地堅硬，浸水不腐爛，主要產於東南亞印尼等地。除了用於製造櫓尾和舢舨底骨外，坤甸木也是傳統棚屋地基和柱樑的主要材料。
**Kwan din wood (坤甸木) is a hardwood that is resistant to water and is sourced from Southeast Asia, including Indonesia. It serves as the primary material for traditional stilt house pillars and for the main structural components of sampans.
如何搖櫓?
How to Row (Yuloh)?
如何搖櫓?
搖櫓需要手、腳、腰的協調配合，身體重心向前傾和向後昂。首先，將櫓固定在櫓榫上，較重的櫓尾沉入水中；然後，讓翹起的櫓頭拉緊櫓掹。雙手握櫓，人字腳站在後檔較前位置，左腳在前，右腳在後，頭向前望。開始時，身體重心微微向前傾斜，手一邊推櫓，手腕一邊逆時針轉九十度；接著，身體重心微微向後昂起，手一邊掹櫓，手腕一邊順時針回九十度，然後重複這個動作
Rowing requires coordination between the hands, feet, waist, and body. First, secure the oar in the oar tenon, ensuring that the blade is submerged in the water; the oar grip should be tightened with a rope woven from rattan. Hold the grip with both hands and stand with the feet in a V-shape, with the left foot forward and the right foot back, looking in the direction of the bow.Initially, shift your body’s center of gravity slightly forward while pushing the oar and rotating your wrists counterclockwise by 90 degrees. Then, shift your body’s center of gravity slightly backward while pulling the oar and rotating your wrists clockwise by 90 degrees. Repeat this motion continuously.
八字軌跡
八字軌跡
‘Eight’ Shaped Trajectory
在手腕轉動時，配合推前掹後的搖擺動作，同時想像手腕和櫓尾呈 ”8” 字的軌跡運行。這樣，舢舨便會徐徐向前移動。如果向前推櫓的幅度較大，船便會向右轉，反之亦然。搖櫓是一種搖擺的動作，櫓掹需要一直保持拉緊狀態。如果用力壓下櫓頭，櫓尾升起便無法撥水。若想加速航行，可以在推櫓時配合右腳向前踏步，在掹櫓時配合右腳退回；或者，直接增加搖櫓的頻率。
When the wrists rotate, coordinate this movement with the push and pull of the swinging motion, imagining that the wrists and the oar blade follow an ”8” shaped trajectory. This allows the sampan to move forward. If the push has a larger amplitude, the boat will turn right; conversely, if the pull has a larger amplitude, it will turn left. It is essential to keep the rope taut at all times while rowing. If you apply force downward, the oar blade will rise and fail to propel effectively. To increase speed, you can step forward with your right foot when pushing the oar and step back when pulling it; alternatively, you can increase the frequency of the rowing motion.